Urine Examination (Routine)
Test code: CLP0046
- Sample
- Urine
- Report
- Within 3 Hours
- Processed
- Mon to Sun, by 06:00 PM
About this test
A Routine Urine Examination checks the colour, clarity and chemical content of your urine, and looks at it under a microscope. It is used to detect urinary tract infections, kidney problems, diabetes and other conditions, and is a common part of health check-ups and pregnancy care.
Preparation & sample
First morning urine sample preferred. Wash the genital area, let the first part of the stream go into the toilet, and collect the middle part in the sterile container provided. Avoid giving a sample during menstruation if possible, or tell us if you are on your period.
What does this test measure?
- Physical examination: colour, appearance (clear or cloudy) and specific gravity (how concentrated the urine is)
- Chemical examination: pH, protein, glucose (sugar), ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, blood, nitrite and leucocyte esterase
- Microscopic examination: pus cells, red blood cells, epithelial cells, casts, crystals, bacteria and yeast
When should you get this test?
- Burning or pain while passing urine, or needing to go often or urgently
- Cloudy, foul-smelling, dark or blood-tinged urine
- Lower abdominal or back pain, or fever with urinary symptoms
- During pregnancy, which is a routine part of antenatal care
- If you have diabetes, high blood pressure or kidney disease
- As part of a routine health check-up or before surgery
Understanding your results
- Pus cells, nitrite or leucocyte esterase suggest a urinary tract infection. Your doctor may advise a urine culture to identify the bacteria and the right antibiotic.
- Protein in urine may point to kidney stress or disease, but can also appear briefly after fever or heavy exercise.
- Glucose in urine often means blood sugar is high and should be checked with a blood test.
- Ketones can appear with long fasting or poorly controlled diabetes.
- Red blood cells can be caused by infection, kidney stones or other conditions, and need follow-up.
A careful midstream collection gives the most reliable result and reduces the chance of contamination.
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