HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin)
Test code: HMT0052
- Sample
- Blood
- Preparation
- No special preparation
- Report
- Same Day
- Processed
- Mon to Sun, by 06:00 PM
About this test
The HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin) test shows your average blood sugar over the past 2 to 3 months. It is used to diagnose diabetes and prediabetes, and to check how well diabetes is being controlled over time. Unlike a blood sugar test, it does not depend on what you ate that day.
Preparation & sample
No special preparation required. You can eat, drink and take your usual medicines before the test.
What does this test measure?
Sugar (glucose) in your blood sticks to haemoglobin, the protein inside red blood cells. Red blood cells live for about 3 months, so the percentage of haemoglobin with sugar attached reflects your average blood sugar over that period. Many reports also show an estimated average glucose (eAG) in mg/dL.
When should you get this test?
- To screen for diabetes if you are overweight, over 35, have a family history of diabetes, or had diabetes during pregnancy
- If you have symptoms such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, slow-healing wounds or unexplained weight loss
- If you have prediabetes, to see whether it is progressing
- If you have diabetes, to check how well your treatment is working
Understanding your results
Widely used guidelines classify HbA1c as follows:
| HbA1c | What it means |
|---|---|
| Below 5.7% | Normal |
| 5.7% to 6.4% | Prediabetes (higher risk of diabetes) |
| 6.5% or above | Diabetes (usually confirmed with a repeat test) |
For many adults with diabetes, the target is below 7%, but your doctor may set a different goal for you.
HbA1c can be less accurate in people with anemia, thalassaemia or other haemoglobin variants, recent blood loss or transfusion, advanced kidney disease, and during pregnancy. In these cases your doctor may use blood glucose tests as well.
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