Thyroid
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of the neck, just below the Adam’s apple. It plays a critical role in regulating the body’s metabolism, growth, and development by producing thyroid hormones.
Functions of the Thyroid
- Produces hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that regulate metabolism
- Controls how the body uses energy, consumes oxygen, and produces heat
- Influences heart rate, muscle strength, and digestion
- Plays a role in brain development and bone maintenance
Common Thyroid Disorders
- Hypothyroidism – Underactive thyroid causing fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance
- Hyperthyroidism – Overactive thyroid causing weight loss, heat intolerance, and anxiety
- Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis – Autoimmune destruction leading to hypothyroidism
- Graves’ Disease – Autoimmune stimulation causing hyperthyroidism
- Thyroid Nodules – Lumps in the thyroid that may be benign or malignant
- Thyroid Cancer – Malignant tumors of the thyroid gland
- Goiter – Enlargement of the thyroid gland












